Carbureter.



.0.1. PEMBRUKE.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED MAR.12. 1913.'

Patented June 22, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

llllllllllllllllll l n 0.1. PEMBROKE.

cARBuRETfR. APPLICATIGN FILED MAR. 12, 1913.

1,143,779. Patented June 22, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

v III, HH?

GHARLES J. PEMBBOKE, OF ROCHESTER-NEW YORK.

CABBUBETEB Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, 1915.

Application led Iatch 12, 1913. Serial No. 753,713.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. Pnnnnonn I of the city of Rochester, in the county o Monroe, Stat-e of New York, have invented certain new and useful Im rovments in Carbureters; and I do here y declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the reereneenumerals marked thereon.

My present invention has for its object to projvide a carbureter for vaporizing volatile fluids such as employed for forming the explosive mixtures used in gas or explosive engines, in which the fluid discharged into the air intake assage or vaporizing chamber is regulatedj or controlled in proportion to the volume of air coursing through said passage, in accordance withthe speed of operation of the engine or the load. under which the latter is operated.

To these and other ends theV invention consiste in certain improvements and combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings: Figure l is a vertical sectional view of a carbureter constructed in accordance with one embodiment of my present invention; Fig. 2 is a similar view 'taken on the line 2"-92 Mof Fig. l; Fig. 3

is a horizontal sectional'view taken on the line fit-3X of Fig. l; Figsa and 5 arcsectional views similar to Fig. 2 showing the gates in the intake passage in the open and closed 'positions respectively; Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view looking downward, the parts being shown in Fig. 4, and

'7 is a vertical sectional View on the,l

yline iL-7* of Fig. 5, showing the atomizing disch arge end of the fuel outlet.

Similar reference numerals throughou r the several gures indicate the same parts.

In illustrating the carbureter which embodies a preferred form of my invention, I have shown the air intake passage or channel formed by a casing` which is preferably rectangnilar in crosssection, and into which liquid fuel is discharged from a suitable l ed from the main body of liquid. Jody of liquid is preferably contained a float chamber A supplied through the the level of which is governed by loat L', operating the needle valve 3.

The fuel discharge nozzle extends upwardly from the end of the laterally extending conduit 4 leading from the float chamber, said nozzle being preferably located centrally of the air intake passage. The nozzle proper comprises a stand-pipe 5 which forms a continuation of the conduit 4.

In order to obtain a preliminary adjustment of the fuel supply, I provide means for changing the relative portions of the nozzle and the cooperating yalve to be described hereinafter, and while I may accomplish this by an adjustment 5f either element, or both, I preer to obtain this result by an adjustable tubular member 6, preferably threaded into the upper end of the stand-pipe 5, and movable `longitudinally therein when rotated on the screw threads, this'adjustment being easilyl accomplished by the stem or rod 7, attached to the member 6 and extending outwardly through the gland or stuffing box 8. Other means than the screw threads mentioned might be employed for adjusting the member 6, or these screw threads might be located at some other position, but I deem it preferable to arrange them as shown, because they perform the further 'function of closing the space between the contiguous walls of the stand-pipe and tubular member and thus preventing `the suction action in the carburetor from drawing the volatile oil through this space and requiring all of it to escape through the tubular member. v

ln the drawings this member is shown in the form. of an enlarged head at the upper or inner end of the rod 7, which has an opening, indicated at, 6a, the lower end of A said opening extending laterally and aii'ording communication with the space within the standpipe 5. The Huid which escapes tln'ouffh the assaee' 6a. instead of flowmvf h l) n n in a single stream, is broken up or subdivided so :that it escapes into'the airA intake passagein a plurality of jets,which serve greatly to carry out the important function of thoroughly mixing thervapor from the volatile oil with the inrushing air. In carrying out this feature, of the invention, I surround the stand-pipe 5 with a spray head S, having a vertical passage 8? into which the liquid is received from the nozzle 5, und a horizontal passage 8b, which eX-` tends transversely of the air intake passage, and is provided with a plurality of laterally lli) arranged openings or discharge apertures in its opposite walls, as indicated by 8, of

which fourteen are shown. in the present 1s opera ting at the lowest or cranking speed,-

at which times the remaining apertures 8c are cut ofi' by theair operated gates to be mentioned presently.

The outflow of liquid from the passage 6a is controlled by a tapered needle valve 6" fixed in the passage 8u and coperating with the perforation 6a, the extent of the opening between the latter and the valve being determined in the present embodiment `by the longitudinal adjustment of the` head 6 in the stand-pipe 5.

The air intake passage is preferably rectangular in cross section', as shown in Figs.

3 and -6 and is composed of' front and back plates!) and 10 and the two side plates ll,v

which parts are connected by bolts 12, passing through ears 13, arranged preferably o1.

the exterior of the parts providing a free and unobstructed interior. Surmounting the rectangular casing is a tubular section 14, containing the pivoted throttle valve 15,

which can be opened and closed by oscillation of the lever lvarranged exteriorly of the casing, which latter is adapted to be connected to the intake manifold ofthe gas engine, a' portion of which is shown and indicated by 17. Y

A further important-feature of my invention consists in providing means for increasing or decreasing the How of gasolene vor other volatile fluid. fed to the carbureter in vproportion to the volume of air demanded bythe engine according to'the working load imposed thereon. To this end I make the spray head lmovable for the purpose of adjustingthe needle valve and I provide 'an air gate or gates which are operated by the pressure of the inrushing air in the intake passage to move the spray head or member 8 and, the latter I preferably construct in the form of a Weight, which `will normally .de-

scend to its lowermost position and serve as 'T means for closing the air gates when the pressure is reduced. The air gates are also so arranged and constructed that they will serve whenin closed position to direct all of the air required at the lowestor cranking speed past the point of discharge of the apertures 8d and when partially opened viiill die rect the inrushing air currentsacross all of order,

the discnargeprias sc.

less satisfactory results are obtained by pro vidin springs for moving the gates to closeY position, in which event the spray head need not'be Weighted.

More specifically describing the structural YYfeatures of the elements Just referred to, at-V While I prefer to i 4employ gravity controlled gates, more or tention is called to the fact that thesprav head 8 is a solid rectangular metallic block in which the vertical passage 8a opens at its lower end and aords a sliding engagement with the standpipe 5, which may also serve as a guide, although I prefer to guide the block in the waysSlO in the lwalls 9 and 10. The air operated gates are indicated at .18 and 19 and are pivotedat theirlower ends to the-bottom edges of thev side walls 1l-11 and .when in their normal position, they occup the relatively inclined positions so Y shown in 4ig's. 2 and 5. The best results I at an angle of approximately twenty degrees have found are obtained when the gatesare l tothe perpendicular when closed, although this may vary. The upper e 'l of the spray head 8 at the pointy where the discharge apertures 8 open, is provided withv two inclined surfaces', a's shown at each side ofthe central cylindrical portion 8e', which is provided to accommodate the central recess 8a and the valve'head therein. lThe upper ends ofthe air .gates overlie these inclined surfaces andrest against thelower j.V

,portions of their faces when in the closed position, but thegates ,themselves are tapered at their iipper extremities sof-.vhile their upper'edges project somewhat 'beyond the vapor discharge orifices 8c, these are not gates resting against the spray head, .the passage of air in s'utlicient quantities exioo .actuallyclosed although by reason of thel i i ert agsuction action on said oriiices is obviated, but when the gates are ajar, a passage is provided between their under surfaces and the contiguous inclined surface of the spray head, and sheets, of air` aredirect-'i ed across the open ends of the discharge orif Each of the gates is provided een` trally with a recess 18a'and 19 respectively',

which accommodate the boss 8, said recesses being of such dimensionthat when the gates ar which is drawn through the intake passaggi acl-ossi the two central outlet orifices 8d.

may operate with perfect freedom and in therefore,A to prevent unnecessary leakage of air when thegates are closed, diagonally inclined strips 1.8b and 19b are ar ranged on the front and rearwalls 9 and 10,

and itis also for the purpose of minimizing" e closed, a vs utiicient quantity ofair isadf he air gates and the combined spray head' and weight 8 are fitted rather looselyin the casmg formingthe air inlet, sel-that they.125

a messes gates 18 and 19 as Well as vertical adjust? ment of the needleA valve, is accomplished by providing the gatelswith short operating ngers 18w19c, the Iree ends of which are embraced between similar pairs of laterallg` projecting lugs-20 on each side of the 1nember 8 near the bottoni thereof, theseparts being proportioned and designed that any air pressure in the intake, passage will cause o both gates to be moved equal distances and the spray bead to be actuated so that the needle valve (iD carried thereon will always occupy a definite predetermined relation to its Cooperating valve seat, which is in direct proportion to the movement of the gate.

The bottom of the air intake passage may be open directly to the atmosphere, or it' desired., a hood 2l may be fitted thereto, having at one side an air intake aperture 522 and provided with a laterally extending portion 23 forming a passage through which heated air may be introduced which is collected 'r'roni some suitable point adiacent to the cylinder of the engine as will be understood.

As a means of improving the edective operation of the carburetor and assuring a thorough mixture of the inrushing air and vapor under certain conditions, as for instance when the operator suddenly opens the throttle troni a partly closed position to a t'ull open position, l provide above or below the throttle valve, as illustrated in Fig. 2. a perforated bell shaped baille plate 2e. This member is supported at opposite sides by two short legs 25, so that its edge 26 for the most tgt free and clear of the rounding casing or Wall of the intake passage. et its center the badi-e member is provided with the aperture 27, the area oi which is sullcient to permit the free passage of such carbure-ted mixture as is required at low or cranking speed, but by reason of the shape of the bell, air in excess of this quantity impinging against its lower surface, Will be detlected downwardly and required to circulate around the edge 26 of said member. In so doing, this portion of the air is brought into juxtaposition with the flat inowing air sheets. This means of' redirecting a portion of the first quantity of air admitted after the throttle is thrown Wide open, is important, because previous to that instant, the engine is ruiming .at a lovv speed on a carburetcd mixture .of air passing through the ports 18a and'la and vapor issuing from the tvvo ports 8d. Con

scquentlythe initial air passing the bead the first instant the throttle is open,

' must loe more rareiiedithan that which 'lolloivs, after suction has been produced on the other outlet orifices SC. Therefore, the turnbaclr or a portion of the an' inst adnntted, when the throttle 1s thrown wide open insures, in a inultirylinder engine, that allA of the cylinders will under these conditions obtain an explosive mixture of equal denl means for controlling the How of gasolene,

or other volatile fluid employed, in proporionto the quantity of air demanded by the l engine under various Working conditions andthe construction of the air gates, and their connection-With the movable Weighted head, is such as to cause them to normally exert a tendency to move to a closed position, and `iior this reason the parts are very sensitive and responsive to slight luctuations or the air pressure in the intake passage. Consequently slight movements' ot the throttle valve will cause the speed ot the engine to be increased or decreased almost instantaneously, and when the engine speed is out down to the lowestpoint, {looding of the earbnreter and consequent stopping,l of the engine by producing" too rich 'a mixture will not occur. Y

claim as niy invention:

l. carburetor including an air inlet and fuel discharge nozzle arranged in the aire inlet, a iuel spray head extending substan" tially across the air inlet and provided with a plurality or laterally arranged apertures in its opposite Walls, a valvecarried by the spray head and a swinging gate' disposed in .the gate.

l l AAL 2. carbureter including an air inlet, a fuel discharge nozzle arranged `in the air inlet, a movable fuel spray head extending substantially across the air inlet and surrounding tlie nozzle, the discharge head being provided with a plurality of trans versely disposed apertures in its opposite Walls, a valve normally iixed with relation to the head and cooperating with the nozzle, a swinging gate arranged in the air inlet, and connections between the valve and the gate.

3. A carburetor including an air inlet, a -`el discharge nozzle arranged in the air inlet, a spray head surrounding and movable on the nozzle, said spray head extending substantially across the airi'nlet and provided with a plurality of laterally arranged apertures in its opposite walls, a valve carried by the spray head, a swinging gate disposed in the air inlet, said gate being' operated by the'inrusli of air and adapted, when open, to lie substantially parallel-to the axis of the inlet and when.l closed to lie at an angle to the Same, and connections between the valve and the gate.

4. A carbureter including an air inlet,` a

nozzle disposed in the air inlet, a weighted spray head slidable longitudinally of the nozzle, a valve arranged in the spray head and cooperating with the nozzle, said head being provided Wit-l1 a plur'ality of laterally disposed ap'eftures in its opposite Walls, a

plurality of 'swinging gates pivoted'at Athe 10 sides of the inlet -and adaptedfto Contact with the spray head when closedandcon nections between the gates and the head.

RUSSELL lB. GRIFFITH, H. E. STONEBRAKER. 

